Lifelong Learning and Sub-Saharan Africa's Dream of Economic Emancipation
International Journal of Changes in Education, 1(4), 2024, 208-217, https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE42023476
Publication date: Nov 15, 2024
ABSTRACT
Sub-Saharan Africa having remained economically poor throughout its more than sixty years of independence and relying on the finding that the acquisition of a high level of digital and entrepreneurship skills tends to create wealth for nations in modern times, this study investigates the extent to which sub-Saharan Africa’s higher education institutions may leverage the facilitation of the learning of digital technologies and entrepreneurship for Africa’s economic emancipation through lifelong learning. The work carried out at the level of eight (8) lifelong learning outfits of eight (8) premier universities drawn from the four (4) regions of sub-Saharan Africa is scrutinized through the administration of a six (6)-item questionnaire with a view to establish whether or not Africa’s higher education institutions are currently facilitating the learning of digital technologies and entrepreneurship through lifelong learning to a level that may promote Africa’s economic emancipation. The findings of the current study are that sub-Saharan Africa (i). possesses very few higher education institutions in comparison to the global average, (ii). is yet to prioritize lifelong learning both nationally and at the higher education level, and (iii). is incapable to produce the needed population of digital and entrepreneurship graduates that may propel its economic emancipation as a result of its current level of neglect of lifelong learning.
KEYWORDS
CITATION (APA)
Biao, I. (2024). Lifelong Learning and Sub-Saharan Africa's Dream of Economic Emancipation. International Journal of Changes in Education, 1(4), 208-217. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE42023476
Harvard
Biao, I. (2024). Lifelong Learning and Sub-Saharan Africa's Dream of Economic Emancipation. International Journal of Changes in Education, 1(4), pp. 208-217. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE42023476
Vancouver
Biao I. Lifelong Learning and Sub-Saharan Africa's Dream of Economic Emancipation. International Journal of Changes in Education. 2024;1(4):208-17. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE42023476
AMA
Biao I. Lifelong Learning and Sub-Saharan Africa's Dream of Economic Emancipation. International Journal of Changes in Education. 2024;1(4), 208-217. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE42023476
Chicago
Biao, Idowu. "Lifelong Learning and Sub-Saharan Africa's Dream of Economic Emancipation". International Journal of Changes in Education 2024 1 no. 4 (2024): 208-217. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE42023476
MLA
Biao, Idowu "Lifelong Learning and Sub-Saharan Africa's Dream of Economic Emancipation". International Journal of Changes in Education, vol. 1, no. 4, 2024, pp. 208-217. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE42023476
REFERENCES
- Bowman, M. J., & Anderson, C. A. (1973). Human capital and economic modernization in historical perspective. In F. C. Lane (Ed.), Fourth international conference of economic history (pp. 247–272). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111416953-037
- Patrinos, H. A., & Psacharopolous, G. (2020). Returns to education in developing countries. In S. Bradley & C. Greene (Eds.), The economics of education: A comprehensive overview (pp. 53–64). Elsevier.
- World Bank. (1988). Education in sub-Saharan Africa: Policies for adjustment, revitalization, and expansion. Retrieved from: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/816101468009945118/pdf/multi-page.pdf
- Erten, B., & Ocampo, J. A. (2021). The future of commodity prices and the pandemic-driven global recession: Evidence from 150 years of data. World Development, 137, 105164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105164
- Teferra, D. (2014). Charting African higher education: Perspectives at a glance. International Journal of African Higher Education, 1(1), 9–21. https://doi.org/10.6017/ijahe.v1i1.5642
- The World Bank & UNESCO. (2024). Education finance watch 2023: Special edition for the African Union year of education 2024. Retrieved from: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000388733
- Osorno-Hinojosa, R., Koria, M., & del Carmen Ramírez-Vázquez, D. (2022). Open innovation with value co-creation from university–industry collaboration. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010032
- World Bank. (2024). The world by income and region. Retrieved from: https://datatopics.worldbank.org/world-development-indicators/the-world-by-income-and-region.html
- Delors, J., Al Mufti, I. A., Amagi, I., Carneiro, R., Chung, F., Geremek, B., ..., & Zhou, N. (1996). Learning: The treasure within. Germany: UNESCO.
- UIL. (2022). CONFINTEA VII Marrakech framework for action: Harnessing the transformational power of adult learning and education. Germany: UIL (UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning).
- Akpan, G. E., & Chuku, C. (2014). Natural resources, human capital and economic development in Nigeria: Tracing the linkages. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 5(21), 44–50.
- Saleh, H., Surya, B., Annisa Ahmad, D. N., & Manda, D. (2020). The role of natural and human resources on economic growth and regional development: With discussion of open innovation dynamics. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(4), 103. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040103
- UNCTAD. (2023). Economic development in Africa report 2023. Retrieved from: https://unctad.org/publication/economic-development-africa-report-2023
- OECD (Organisation of Economic Cooperation & Development). (2022). Tertiary education rates reach record high, with more efforts needed to expand vocational education and training, says OECD. Retrieved from: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/news/press-releases/2022/10/tertiary-educationrates-reach-record-high-with-more-efforts-needed-to-expandvocational-education-and-training.html
- Biao, I. (2022). Lifelong learning and African development. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 28(1), 167–183. https://doi.org/10.1177/14779714221087756
- Biao, I. (2022). Financing adult learning and education (ALE) now and in future. International Review of Education, 68(2), 213–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-022-09950-0
- Committee on Adult Education. (1918). Interim report: Industrial and social conditions in relation to adult education. Ministry of National Reconstruction. Retrieved from: https://books.google.fi/books?id=MkbnAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=fi&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
- Benavot, A., Hoppers, C. O., Lockhart, A. S., & Hinzen, H. (2022). Reimagining adult education and lifelong learning for all: Historical and critical perspectives. International Review of Education, 68(2), 165–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-022-09955-9
- Hanemann, U., & Robinson, C. (2022). Rethinking literacy from a lifelong learning perspective in the context of the sustainable development goals and the international conference on adult education. International Review of Education, 68(2), 233–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-022-09949-7
- Belete, S., Duke, C., Hinzen, H., Owusu-Boampong, A., & Khau, H. P. (2022). Community learning centres (CLCs) for adult learning and education (ALE): Development in and by communities. International Review of Education, 68(2), 259–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-022-09954-w
- Boeren, E., & Rubenson, K. (2022). The global report on adult learning and education (GRALE): Strengths, weaknesses and future directions. International Review of Education, 68(2), 291–308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-022-09945-x
- Stepanek Lockhart, A. (2022). Bringing together monitoring approaches to track progress on adult learning and education across main international policy tools. International Review of Education, 68(2), 309–328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-022-09947-9
- Sader, E. A. (2022). The handbook of race and adult education: A resource for dialogue on racism. International Review of Education, 68(2), 329–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-022-09948-8
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. (1966). Retrieved from: https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/MTDSG/Volume%20I/Chapter%20IV/IV-3.en.pdf
- Faure, E., Herrera, F., Kaddoura, A. R., Lopes, H., Petrovsky, A. V., Rahnema, M., & Ward, F. C. (1972). Learning to be: The world of education today and tomorrow. Paris: UNESCO.
- UIL & SOU. (2023). International trends of lifelong learning in higher education. Retrieved from: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000385339/PDF/385339eng.pdf.multi
LICENSE
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.