INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHANGES IN EDUCATION
Research Article
Aug 15, 2026 129 98

The Role of AI in Shaping Future Educators: Ethics, Instructional Design, and Lifelong Learning

Oksana Chaika 1 2 * ,
Serhii Kubitskyi 3,
Natalia Berezovska-Savchuk 4
1 Department of Foreign Philology and Translation, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine2 University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg3 Department of Management and Educational Technologies, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine4 Department of the Ukrainian Language, Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, Ukraine* Corresponding Author
International Journal of Changes in Education, 3(4), 2026, 513-523, https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52027087
Online publication date: Nov 24, 2025
Publication date: Aug 15, 2026
Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into higher education is reshaping how future educators are prepared for multilingual, multicultural, and ethically complex environments. This study employed a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design to investigate how educators and students in Luxembourg and Ukraine perceive and adopt AI in teacher preparation. In Luxembourg, AI was largely framed as a tool to extend inclusive, multilingual practices and institutional innovation, whereas in Ukraine, it was often adopted out of necessity under conditions of crisis and infrastructural disruption. Quantitative analyses demonstrated that perceived benefits of AI were positively correlated with readiness for instructional integration (r = 0.61, p < .001), while ethical concerns were negatively correlated with willingness to adopt AI (r = –0.45, p < .001). No significant group differences were observed in overall reported levels of ethical concern (t(140) = 1.25, p = .21), though qualitative findings revealed striking contrasts in the nature of these concerns. Luxembourgish participants expressed preventative concerns about quality and pedagogy, while Ukrainian participants described immediate ethical dilemmas shaped by wartime conditions, including studying in bomb shelters and balancing personal safety with academic integrity. Findings highlight that while AI can enhance instructional innovation, it simultaneously amplifies inequalities through language bias and access gaps. The study contributes by linking empirical insights to instructional design frameworks (ADDIE, TPACK) and multicultural education theory, offering concrete guidance for teacher preparation in both stable and crisis-affected contexts.

KEYWORDS

AI in education future educators ethics lifelong learning multilingual higher education multicultural contexts multicultural pedagogy and translation AI literacy

CITATION (APA)

Chaika, O., Kubitskyi, S., & Berezovska-Savchuk, N. (2026). The Role of AI in Shaping Future Educators: Ethics, Instructional Design, and Lifelong Learning. International Journal of Changes in Education, 3(4), 513-523. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52027087
Harvard
Chaika, O., Kubitskyi, S., and Berezovska-Savchuk, N. (2026). The Role of AI in Shaping Future Educators: Ethics, Instructional Design, and Lifelong Learning. International Journal of Changes in Education, 3(4), pp. 513-523. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52027087
Vancouver
Chaika O, Kubitskyi S, Berezovska-Savchuk N. The Role of AI in Shaping Future Educators: Ethics, Instructional Design, and Lifelong Learning. International Journal of Changes in Education. 2026;3(4):513-23. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52027087
AMA
Chaika O, Kubitskyi S, Berezovska-Savchuk N. The Role of AI in Shaping Future Educators: Ethics, Instructional Design, and Lifelong Learning. International Journal of Changes in Education. 2026;3(4), 513-523. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52027087
Chicago
Chaika, Oksana, Serhii Kubitskyi, and Natalia Berezovska-Savchuk. "The Role of AI in Shaping Future Educators: Ethics, Instructional Design, and Lifelong Learning". International Journal of Changes in Education 2026 3 no. 4 (2026): 513-523. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52027087
MLA
Chaika, Oksana et al. "The Role of AI in Shaping Future Educators: Ethics, Instructional Design, and Lifelong Learning". International Journal of Changes in Education, vol. 3, no. 4, 2026, pp. 513-523. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52027087

REFERENCES

  1. Holmes, W., & Tuomi, I. (2022). State of the art and practice in AI in education. European Journal of Education, 57(4), 542–570. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12533
  2. Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M., & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education–where are the educators? International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 16(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0
  3. Luckin, R., Rudolph, J., Grünert, M., & Tan, S. (2024). Exploring the future of learning and the relationship between human intelligence and AI. An interview with Professor Rose Luckin. Journal of Applied Learning and Teaching, 7(1), 346–363. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2024.7.1.27
  4. Gagnon, V. (2025). Développement d’ un modèle pour le choix d’ une plateforme de machine learning pour l’ apprentissage supervisé dans les petites entreprises[Development of a model for choosing a machine learning platform for supervised learning in small businesses]. Doctoral dissertation, Univers ity of Quebec in Chicoutimi, Retrieved from: https://constellation.uqac.ca/id/eprint/10067/1/Gagnon_uqac_0862N_11249.pdf
  5. Alexander, W. R. J., & Belloni, R. (2024). Artificial intelligence and the sustainability of the signaling and human capital roles of higher education. Sustainability, 16(20), 8802. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16208802
  6. Kreutzer, R. T., & Sirrenberg, M. (2019). Fields of application of artificial intelligence—Health care, education and human resource management. In R. T. Kreutzer & M. Sirrenberg (Eds.), Understanding artificial intelligence: Fundamentals, use cases and methods for a corporate AI journey (pp. 167–193). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25271-7_6
  7. Nelson, R. (2024). Academic identity in the age of AI: Higher education and the digital revolution. Emerald Group Publishing.
  8. Schicktanz, S., Welsch, J., Schweda, M., Hein, A., Rieger, J. W., & Kirste, T. (2023). AI-assisted ethics? Considerations of AI simulation for the ethical assessment and design of assistive technologies. Frontiers in Genetics, 14, 1039839. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2023.1039839
  9. Saddhono, K., Rohmadi, M., Lestari, T. A., Simanungkalit, K. E., & Sukmono, I. K. (2024). The role of AI in facilitating multilingual literacy and cross-cultural understanding. In International Conference on IoT, Communication and Automation Technology (ICICAT), 366–371. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICAT62666.2024.10923254
  10. Cascio, W. F. (2019). Training trends: Macro, micro, and policy issues. Human Resource Management Review, 29(2), 284–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.11.001
  11. Mahendrakar, S. R., & Soundararajan, K. (2025). Artificial intelligence in future performance management: A conceptual framework. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 11(10s), 162–176. https://doi.org/10.64252/0fe78m77
  12. Hmoud, M., & Shaqour, A. (2024). AIEd Bloom’s taxonomy: A proposed model for enhancing educational efficiency and effectiveness in the artificial intelligence era. The International Journal of Technologies in Learning, 31(2), 111–128. https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-0144/CGP/v31i02/111-128
  13. Mekić, E. S., Jovanović, M. N., Kuk, K. V., Prlinčević, B. P., & Savić, A. M. (2024). Enhancing educational efficiency: Generative AI chatbots and DevOps in Education 4.0. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 32(6), e22804. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.22804
  14. Er-Rafyg, A., Zankadi, H., & Idrissi, A. (2024). AI in adaptive learning: challenges and opportunities. In A. Idrissi (Ed.), Modern Artificial Intelligence and Data Science 2024, Springer, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65038-3_26
  15. Gligorea, I., Cioca, M., Oancea, R., Gorski, A. T., Gorski, H., & Tudorache, P. (2023). Adaptive learning using artificial intelligence in e-learning: A literature review. Education Sciences, 13(12), 1216. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13121216
  16. Miranda, S., & Vegliante, R. (2025). Leveraging AI-generated virtual speakers to enhance multilingual E-learning experiences. Information, 16(2), 132. https://doi.org/10.3390/info16020132
  17. Williamson, B., & Eynon, R. (2020). Historical threads, missing links, and future directions in AI in education. Learning, Media and Technology, 45(3), 223–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2020.1798995
  18. Chaika, O. (2023). The role of artificial intelligence in higher education. Molod i Rynok, 6-7(214-215), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.24919/2308-4634.2023.287898
  19. Chaika, O. (2023). Leveraging Generative AI: Empowering Universities through ChatGPT. In D. Kalinowski, & P. Toczyński (Eds.), Ekologia w dyskursie. Sztuczna Inteligencja [Ecology in Discourse: Artificial Intelligence] (pp. 139–164). Pomeranian University Publishing.
  20. Lamb, J., Carvalho, L., Gallagher, M., & Knox, J. (2022). The postdigital learning spaces of higher education. Postdigital Science and Education, 4(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-021-00279-9
  21. European Parliament and Council of the European Union. (2024). Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 on artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act. Official Journal of the European Union, L, 1–157.
  22. Floridi, L., Cowls, J., Beltrametti, M., Chatila, R., Chazerand, P., & Dignum, V. (2018). AI4People—An ethical framework for a good AI society: Opportunities, risks, principles, and recommendations. Minds and Machines, 28(4), 689–707. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11023-018-9482-5
  23. Rodgers, W., Murray, J. M., Stefanidis, A., Degbey, W. Y., & Tarba, S. Y. (2023). An artificial intelligence algorithmic approach to ethical decision-making in human resource management processes. Human Resource Management Review, 33(1), 100925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2022.100925
  24. Li, H., Fang, Y., Zhang, S., Lee, S. M., Wang, Y., Trexler, M., & Botelho, A. F. (2025). ARCHED: A human-centered framework for transparent, responsible, and collaborative AI-assisted instructional design. Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, 273, 94–104.
  25. Molenda, M. (2007). In search of the elusive ADDIE model. Performance Improvement, 42(5), 40–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/pfi.4930420508
  26. Kasztelnik, K. (2024). Artificial intelligence-assisted curriculum development: Innovations in designing educational content for the 21st Century learner. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 24(11), 51–59. https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v24i11.7367
  27. Córdova-Esparza, D. M. (2025). Ai-powered educational agents: Opportunities, innovations, and ethical challenges. Information, 16(6), 469. https://doi.org/10.3390/info16060469
  28. Toyon, M. A. S. (2021). Explanatory sequential design of mixed methods research: Phases and challenges. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science, 10(5), 253–260. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i5.1262
  29. Kelle, U. (2022). Mixed methods. In N. Baur,&. J. Blasius (Eds (Ed.), Handbuch Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung (pp. 163–177). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-37985-8_9
  30. Andrade, C. (2020). The limitations of online surveys. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 42(6), 575–576. https://doi.org/10.1177/025371762095749
  31. Ball, H. L. (2019). Conducting online surveys. Journal of Human Lactation, 35(3), 413–417. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334419848734
  32. Braun, V., Clarke, V., Boulton, E., Davey, L., & McEvoy, C. (2021). The online survey as a qualitative research tool. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 24(6), 641–654. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645579.2020.1805550
  33. Nardon, L., Hari, A., & Aarma, K. (2021). Reflective interviewing—Increasing social impact through research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069211065233
  34. Mizin, K., Letiucha, L., & Petrov, O. (2019). Deutsche linguokulturelle Konzepte im Lichte der germanisch-ostslawischen Kontraste: Methode zur Feststellung von spezifischen bzw. einzigartigen Bedeutungen. [German linguistic and cultural concepts in light of Germanic-East Slavic contrasts: Method for determining specific or unique meanings]. Germanoslavica, 30(1), 49–70.
  35. Kubitskyi, S., & Kubitskyy, Y. (2025). Personnel development management as a strategic tool for increasing the competitiveness of an organization. Management, 41(1), 25–45. https://doi.org/10.30857/2415-3206.2025.1.2

LICENSE

Creative Commons License
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.